interfering C. interacting D. interpreting

（    ）45. A. for B. with C. over D. to

（    ）46. A. describes B. conveys C. portrays D. betrays

（    ）47. A. sound B. directory C. diction D. verbal

（    ）48. A. if B. when C. while D. as

（    ）49. A. to B. of C. for D. in

（    ）50. A. empowers B. reinforces C. supports D. sustains

（    ）51. A. exhaust B. exert C. affect D. enact

（    ）52. A. care about B. care for C. care with D. take to

（    ）53. A. interpret B. explain C. encode D. decode

（    ）54. A. assessment B. evaluation C. appreciation D. appraisal

（    ）55. A. approaches B. methods C. ways D. ends

（    ）56. A. impressions B. practices C. things D. experiences

（    ）57. A. respect B. despise C. mock D. sneer

（    ）58. A. settings B. locations C. situations D. circumstances

（    ）59. A. when B. where C. how D. if

（    ）60. A. work B. build C. keep D. retain

Part III Reading Comprehension （40%）

Directions: There are four passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Read each passage carefully and decide on the best answer.

Passage One

People in the mass advertising business and other people who study American society have been very interested in the question: What does the American consumer like? Max Lerner, a well-known scholar who has studied American society, has said that American consumers are particularly fond of three things: comfort, cleanliness, and novelty.

Lerner believes that the American love of comfort perhaps goes back to the frontier experience. The pioneers had a rough life on the frontier and very few comforts. This experience may have created a strong desire in the pioneers and their children for goods that would make life more comfortable. Today, the Americans’ love of comfort is seen in the way they furnish their homes, the way they design their cars, and the way they like to travel.

Cleanliness is also highly valued by Americans. There is a strong emphasis on keeping all parts of the body clean. Perhaps the Puritan （清教徒） heritage has played some role in the desire for cleanliness. The Puritans, a strict Protestant church group who were among the first settlers of America, stressed the need to cleanse the body of dirt and of all evil tendencies. The saying “Cleanliness is next to Godliness” reflects the belief of most Americans that it is important to keep their bodies clean by taking a bath and wearing clean clothes every day. Indeed, many Americans are offended by anyone who does not follow their accepted standards of cleanliness.

In addition to cleanliness and comfort, Americans love novelty. They love to have things that are new and convenient. Perhaps the love of novelty comes from their pride in their inventiveness. Americans have always been interested in inventing new products and improving old ones. They like to see changes in cars, clothing, and products for the home. New models of cars are particularly appealing. Advertisements encourage people to get rid of old cars and try new ones, whether the old ones still work or not. The American economy seems to be based on consumption, not conservation.

61. The best title for the passage is ______. （      ）

A. What American Consumers Like

B. The Stupidity of the American Consumers

C. American Consumers and Puritan Heritage

D. Frontier Experience and Puritan Heritage

62. According to the author, the American consumers are fond of the following except ______.（      ）

A. comfort and cleanliness B. novelty and convenience

C. clean clothes and fine houses D. thrift and economy

63. The American love of comfort can be shown in the way they ______. （      ）

A. love new models of car

B. eat in fast-food restaurants

C. design their cars and furnish their homes

D. wear clean clothes and take bath every day

64. Americans’ love of cleanliness is believed to be associated with ______. （      ）

A. their living standard B. their lifestyle

C. their Puritan tradition D. their advanced technology

65. In general, Americans are interested in the following EXCEPT______. （      ）

A. inventing new products B. improving old products

C. buying things that are popular D. buying things that are unknown before

Passage Two

There are two kinds of memory: short-term and long-term. Information in long-term memory can be recalled at a later time when it is needed. The information may be kept for days or weeks. In contrast, information in short-term memory is kept for only a few seconds, usually by repeating the information over and over. The following experiment shows how short-term memory has been studied.

Henning studied how students who are learning English as a second language remember vocabulary. The subjects in his experiment were 75 college students. They represented all levels of ability in English: beginning, intermediate, advanced, and native speaking students.

To begin with, the subjects listened to recording of a native speaker reading a paragraph in English. Following the recording, the subjects took a 17-question test to see which words they remembered. Each question had four choices. The subjects had to circle the word they had heard in the recording. Some of the questions had four choices that sound alike. For example, weather, whether, wither, and wetter are four words that sound alike. Some of the questions had four choices that have the same meaning. Method, way, manner, and system would be four words with the same meaning. Finally, the subjects took a language proficiency test.

Henning found that students with a lower proficiency in English made more of their mistakes on words that have the same meaning. Henning’s results suggest that beginning students hold the sound of words in their short-term memory, and advanced students hold the meaning of words in their short-term memory.

66. The purpose of Henning’s experiment is to study ______. （      ）

A. how the students remember English vocabulary by short-term memory

B. how the students learn English vocabulary

C. how to improve the students’ English vocabulary

D. how to take a language proficiency test

67. The word “subject” in the passage most probably means ______. （      ）

A. the college course the students take B. the topic of the listening material

C. something being considered D. the students experimented on

68. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? （      ）

A. Information in short-term memory is different from that in long-term memory.

B. Long-term memory can be achieved only by training.

C. It is easier to test short-term memory than long-term memory.

D. Henning gave a test on vocabulary to his students.

69. From Henning’s results we can see that ______. （      ）

A. beginners have difficulty distinguishing the pronunciation of words

B. advanced students remember words by their meaning

C. it is difficult to remember words that sound alike

D. it is difficult to remember words that have the same meaning

70. The passage is primarily about ______. （      ）

A. memory B. two kinds of memory

C. short-term memory D. an experiment on students

Passage Three

Study confirms that moderate drinking reduces stroke （中风） risk. Similar to the way a drink or two a day protects against heart attacks, moderate alcohol consumption wards off strokes, a new study found.

The study also found that the type of alcohol consumed—beer, wine or liquor—was unimportant. Any of them, or a combination was protective, researchers reported in today’s Journal of the American Medical Association. “No study has shown benefit in recommending alcohol to those who do not drink”, cautioned the authors, led by Dr. Ralph L. Sacco of Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York. But the new data support the guidelines of the National Stroke Association, which say moderate drinkers may protect themselves from strokes by continuing to consume alcohol, the authors said.

The protective effect of moderate drinking against heart attacks is well established, but the data had been conflicting about alcohol and strokes, the authors said. The new study helps settle the question and is the first to find blacks and Hispanics （西班牙人和葡萄牙人） benefit as well as whites, according to the authors. Further research is needed among other groups, such as Asian, who past study suggested may get no stroke protection from alcohol or may even be put at greater risk.

Among the groups where the protective effect exists, its mechanism appears to differ from the protective effect against heart attacks, which occurs through boosts in levels of so-called “good” cholesterol （胆固醇）, the authors said. They speculated alcohol might protect against stroke by acting on some other blood trait, such as the tendency of blood platelets （血小板） to clump （结块）, which is key in forming the blood clots （血块） that can cause strokes.

The researchers studied 677 New York residents who lived in the northern part of Manhattan and had strokes between July 1, 1993 and June, 1997.