2015年学位英语考试真题及答案解析（1）

真题部分

第1卷(选择题，共70分)

注意事项：

1.答卷前，考生务必将自已的姓名和准考证号用黑色签字笔填写在试卷和答题卡指定位置。

2.每小题选出答案后，用28铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。答在试卷上无效。

3.考试结束时，考生将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

Part I Vocabulary and Structure(20 points)

Directions: There are 20 incomplete sentences in this section. For each sentence there are four choices marked A,B,C, and D.Choose the One answer that best completes the sentence.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.

1. ()means the property of having two levels of structures, such that units of the primary level are composed of elements of the secondary level and each of the two levels has its own principles of organization.

A. Creativity

B. Duality

C. Arbitrariness

D. Displacement

2. ()distinguishes the linguistic competence of the speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics as langue and parole.

A. Chomsky

B. Saussure

C. Gilman

D. Brown

3. ()is the study of the characteristics of language varieties, the characteristics of their functions and the characteristics of their speakers as these three constantly interact and change within a speech community.

A. Psycholinguistics

B. Sociolinguistics

C.Anthropological linguistics

D.Computational linguistics

4.The words such as "smog" and "brunch" are called ().

A. abbreviation

B. acronym

C. back-formation

D. blending

5.For example, the word" bead" originally means "prayer", but later it refers to "the prayer bead", and finally "small, ball-shaped piece of glass, metal or wood" .It is called ().

A.meaning shift

B.broadening

C.narrowing

D.borrowing

6. ()there is fresh air, there is oxygen.

A. Wherever

B.Whenever

C. Unless

D.Whether

7.The factory operated ()until the order was filled.

A.at times

B.to the minute

C.day by day

D.around the clock

8.After working for the firm for ten years, he finally ()the rank of deputy director.

A. achieved

B. approached

C. attained

D. acquired

9.If we ()our test tomorrow, I would have gone to the concert.

A.weren't to have

B.hadn't been to have

C.aren't to have

D.hadn't had

10.Which of the following italicized parts is a subject clause?

A.We are quite certain that we will get there in time.

B.He has to face the fact that there will be no pay rise this year.

C.She said that she had seen the man earlier that morning.

D.It's sheer luck that the miners are still alive after ten days.

答案解析

Part I

1.B【解析】Duality(二重性)指语言拥有两层结构的这种特性，底层结构是上层结构的组成成分.且每层都有自身的组合规则。A为创造性，C为任意性，D为移位性。

2.B【解析】Saussure(索绪尔)将说话者的语言能力和语言的实际现象或语料区分为语言和言语。chomsky主要研究生成语言学，而Gilman和Brown都是社会语言学家。

3.B【解析】Sociolinguistics(社会语言学)包括语言的社会功能和语言使用者的社会特征，它研究语言变体的特征、它们的功能特征、讲话者的特征以及这三者如何在言语团体中持续地相互作用和变化。A为心理语言学，C为人类语言学，D为计算机语言学。

4.D【解析】smog是由smoke的前半部分和fog的后半部分混合在一起构成的，brunch是由breakfast和lunch混合在一起构成的，这种构词法叫blending(混拼词)。abbreviation指缩写词，acronym指首字母缩写词，back—formation指逆构词.都不符合题意。

5.A【解析】bead从最初的含义“祈祷”转变为“念珠”，到后来的“水珠、钢珠”，词义已不同于最初的含义，属于meaning shift(词义转移)。而B指词义扩大，C指词义缩小，D指借词，都不符合题意。

6.A【解析】本题考查复合句中的地点状语从句。本句的意思是：凡是有空气的地方，就有氧气。这里wherever表示无论哪里的意思，其他选项都不符合逻辑。

7.D【解析】本句的意思是：工厂昼夜不停地工作，直到把订的货物赶出来为止。at times“有时”;to the minute“恰好，一分不差”：day by day“一天天”;around the clock“昼夜不停地”。

8.C【解析】本句的意思是：在这个公司工作了十年之后，他终于获得了部门主管的职位。achieve“成就”;approach“接近”;attain“(通常指经过努力)获得，达到”;acquire“学到，取到”。故选C。

9.A【解析】本题考查虚拟语气。本句的意思是：如果我们明天没有考试的话，我们就去参加音乐会了。此处If引导的从句中是对将来的事实相反.固定的语法结构框架是if加上were to do形式，因此只有A项为正确答案。

10.D【解析】此题考查的是主语从句，A项是一个表语从句，是一个主系表的结构;B项是一个同位语从句，that引导的同位语从句补充说明先行词的内容;C项是一个宾语从句，that引导的宾语从句作谓语动词said的宾语;只有D项是一个主语从句.it是一个形式主语，真正的主语是后面的that从句部分。

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