2020年4月自考00832英语词汇学(一)复习资料（3）

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        自考00832英语词汇学(一)备考资料

        Chapter 3 Word Formation I

        Morpheme(语素):the minimal meaningful unit(the smallest functioning unit in the composition of words)

        Allomorph(语素变体): is a different variant form of a morpheme，differ in phonological and spelling form, but at the same in function and meaning

        Type of Morpheme

        Free Morpheme: A free morpheme is one that can stand by itself. (independent)

        Bound Morpheme(粘着语素): A bound morpheme is one that cannot stand by itself.

        Bound Morpheme includes two types: (1) bound root  (2)Affix(词缀)

        1)Inflectional affixes (屈折词缀)(inflectional morphemes):

        affixes attached to the end of words to indicate grammatical relationships are inflectional

        2)Derivational affixes(派生词缀) A) prefix: A prefix comes before words. B)suffix

        An adjective suffix（形容词后缀） that is added to the stem, whatever classis belongs to , the result will be an adjective.

        free=free root（自由词根）

        Root and stem（词根和词干）

        1) Root 2) Stem

        The differences between root and stem:

        A root is the basic form of a word which cannot be further analyzed without total loss of identity.

        A stem is the surplus part after the cutting of inflectional morpheme in a word with inflectional morphemes,can be further analyzed, it sometimes could be a root.

        Individualistic                                Undesirables

        Individualist (stem)                           undesirable (stem)

        Individual (stem)                              desirable (stem)

        dividual (stem)                                desire (root, stem)

        divide(root, stem)

        自考00832英语词汇学(一)资料大全

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