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Duality 语言的二重性
The duality nature of language means that language is a system, which consists of two sets of structure, or two levels, one of sounds and the other of meaning.
Displacement 语言的移位性
Displacement means that language can be used to refer to things which are present or not present, real or imagined matters in the past, present, or future, or in far-away places.
Cultural transmission 语言的文化传递性
While human capacity for language has a genetic basis, i.e., we were born with the ability to acquire language, the details of any language are not genetically transmitted, but instead have to be taught and learned anew. This indicates that language is culturally transmitted. It is passed down from one generation to the next through teaching and learning, rather than by instinct.
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